Personal Journal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Diary - Personal Statement Example In any case, I saw a major change in my way of life. With all the weights of being an understudy and living all alone, I have understood that it was too early that I have changed truly. Despite the fact that I am dynamic and occupied, I have put on a great deal of weight in the previous year. At the point when I showed up here, I was of normal weight. Afterward, when I visited my family last December, I got remarks that I have expanded. Some said that I looked charming with my marginally pudgy cheeks, others said I looked progressively develop (I don't know whether this is a commendation for sure) than my age. I think about what they needed to state was for me to go on an exacting eating routine in case I needed to join â€Å"The Biggest Loser† on TV. Obviously I don’t need to confront that sort of challenge and disgrace (companions here and back home would watch and snickering at me). Neither would I like to develop old a gigantic man. Hence, I thought of shedding a few pounds so I could continue playing my preferred game regardless of whether I become more established. Getting slimmer could likewise bring down dangers of coronary illness and differen t ailments. In this way, it is something I should pay attention to in the following barely any days or months. I have not made an eating regimen arrangement and I think I have to investigate on this to discover what I ought to eat and drink while attempting to turn out to be genuinely fit. Anyway, I have a solid inclination that I have to truly lose some weight since I am getting lousy at football. My companions whom I play with are better. They could run quicker directly to the objective while I lingered behind, feeling frustrated about being this substantial. I wish getting more fit would be that simple and reasonable, something that could occur in a tick. In any case, I likewise realize that I need to work out and truly face the issue in such a case that I don’t, I would go greater and greater and get unmanageable. I swear, sooner or later, I’m going to make an eating routine and exercise plan useful for at any rate two months. The eating routine arrangement that I should make must be

English poetry Essay

The second decade of the twentieth century, a change-over period throughout the entire existence of English verse, was not an extremely motivational one for writers. The current gathering of artists, the Neo-Romantics endeavored futile to keep the Romantic soul alive by expounding on nature and concordance yet with the appearance of industrialization and the beginnings of the cutting edge world, it turned out to be agonizingly evident that the lilting, quiet Romantic style was not the slightest bit an impression of the current situation. The motorized universe of machines, processing plants and likewise controlled human social orders, since quite a while ago disregarded by the Neo-Romantics was at last analyzed and placed into refrain by T. S. Eliot. Of the various works that catch the early present day world, one that hangs out specifically is ‘The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock’. Eliot jumps into the core of urban rot in the principal refrain itself, when he looks at the night to an etherized quiet lying lethargic on the surgical table. The representation that represents the paralyzed, unquestioning society that possesses the abandoned roads, modest inns and sawdust cafés catches a subject that is continually returned to in this sonnet. The ladies who talk about Michelangelo do as such as a custom of design, without understanding anything about the workmanship itself. Eliot proceeds to analyze the mist that spreads over the city to a feline that lurks on the housetops before resting. The haze that slips treacherously into each home speaks to the blurred judgment of the individuals that acquire the advanced world. The hero in the sonnet echoes Marvell and the minister in Ecclesiastes with the expression, ‘there will be time, turning Marvell’s call to hold onto the second and the preacher’s instructing to everything there is a season-topsy turvy to suit his hesitation. 2 The correlations with Hamlet in the sonnet by and by equal the absence of resolve that portrays the hero. He aches to be the maverick component in a general public that gets on the unimportant things like one’s diminishing hair, or drained weight yet neglects to pay regard to life’s increasingly significant viewpoints. The heroes imagines himself breaking the cycle and talking life’s messages to the tattling swarm just to waver right now of activity. He winds up stuck like a bug and unfit to start expressing his genuine thoughts. He thinks about whether it merits the difficulty and envisions that regardless of whether he were to talk, his message would be excused by as not being relevant to the tattle that the general public enjoys. His failure to roll out an improvement breeds some measure of self-hatred that surfaces in dries over the sonnet. Passing the unceasing Footman-chuckles at him for being apprehensive. He concedes that he is neither a prophet nor Prince Hamlet; that he is just an orderly master whose ability to act stops at gazing a scene or two. The sonnet closes with the maturing hero going for a stroll on the sea shore and slipping into a different universe where the mermaids are riding the waves and singing to one another. In any case, even here, he accepts that they won't sing to him. He waits there for as long as could be expected under the circumstances, before he is awoken by the inert hand of human collaboration and denounced for his absence of activity, to suffocate in its pains. The subjects that Eliot examines through this sonnet and others like ‘The Burial of the Dead’ and ‘A Game of Chess’ investigate and hit out against the callous present day presence which moves along in a controlled daze and equals the approaching flood of industrialization.

Feeling Energized

Feeling Energized As the semester begins to wind down, it comes time to turn in projects, do those last minute problem sets, and perhaps design a wind turbine. This was my past week. So since early November, Ive had this design project for one of my classes, 2.005, where we had to design a floating buoy-like structure to support a 700,000 kilo tower and rotor combo. I started working on it Thanksgiving afternoon, and finished it this past Monday morning much to my delight. Originally, I kinda didnt take the design project seriously, and thought that itd be just plugging numbers into an equation, and then typing it out to make it look nice; however, it was far from that. I had to actually practice being an engineer, and needless to sasy the project wasnt all about typesetting some equations in Latex. 20 pages of chicken scratch later and a solid 1.5 weeks spent constantly thinking about the design, I managed to produce my final report where I derived equations about the natural oscillation, center of mass of the frustum, etc. I cant even begin to describe what joy it brought to me to be able to press print and be done with it, but the process from conception to design was one of the best parts. Now one thing MIT is known for is hands-on experience. I think this project is a great example of it. While I actually didnt build the wind turbine, I got a good idea of what it takes to bring engineering concepts to life. I got to revive my 733t programming skills to minimize a cost function of five variables, and also got to see what its like to watch the sun rise while youre still doing work (no all nighter still) While I didnt have the opportunity to build a wind turbine. Next week, Ill have the opportunity to check out the final presentations for 2.009 (Product Engineering Process) where students have designed and built banana harvesters and lentil sorters. Yes, it was in this class that they also built the death ray.

Definition and Examples of Paragraph Breaks in Prose

A paragraph break is a single line space or an indentation (or both) marking the division between one paragraph and the next in a body of text. It is also known as a  par break. Paragraph breaks conventionally serve to signal the transition from one idea to another in a stretch of text, and from one speaker to another in an exchange of dialogue.  As Noah Lukeman observes in A Dash of Style, the paragraph break is one of the most crucial marks in the  punctuation  world. History Few readers would think of the  paragraph break  as a  punctuation mark, but it certainly is, says Lukeman: In ancient times there were no paragraphs—sentences simply flowed into one another without interruption—but over time text became segmented into paragraphs, first indicated by the letter C. During medieval times, the mark evolved into the paragraph symbol  [ ¶] (called a  pilcrow or a paraph) and eventually became the modern-day paragraph break, which is now indicated by only a line break and indentation. (By the  17th century, the  indented  paragraph had become  the standard paragraph break in Western  prose.) The indentation was originally inserted by early  printers so that they would have space for the large illuminated letters that used to herald paragraphs. Purpose Today, the paragraph break is used not for the convenience of printers but to give readers a break.  Paragraphs that are too long leave readers with dense blocks of text to wade through. To fully understand when to insert a paragraph break or paragraph breaks, its helpful to know that a  paragraph  is a group of closely related sentences  that  develop  a central idea. A paragraph conventionally begins on a new line. Paragraphs are generally two to five sentences—depending on the type of writing you are doing or context of your essay or story—but they can be longer or shorter. The art of creating paragraphs is called  paragraphing, the practice of dividing a  text  into  paragraphs. Paragraphing  is a kindness to your  reader because it divides your thinking into manageable bites, say  David Rosenwasser and Jill Stephen in Writing Analytically. They add, More frequent paragraphing provides readers with convenient resting points from which to relaunch themselves into your thinking. Paragraphs used to be longer, but with the advent of the internet, which gave readers access to literally millions of sources of information from which to choose, paragraphs have become increasingly briefer. The style for this website, for example, is to make paragraphs no more than two to three sentences. The Little Seagull Handbook, a grammar and style reference book widely used at many colleges, includes mostly two- to four-sentence paragraphs. Using Paragraph Breaks Correctly Purdue OWL, an online writing and style resource published by Purdue University, says you should start a new paragraph: When you begin a new idea or pointTo contrast information or ideasWhen your readers need a pauseWhen you are ending your introduction or starting your conclusion For example, a story published in the  New York Times  on July 7, 2018 (North Korea Criticizes ‘Gangster-Like’ U.S. Attitude After Talks With Mike Pompeo) covered a complex subject—high-level talks between U.S. and North Korean officials regarding the denuclearization of North Korea. Yet the story contained paragraphs that were no more than two or three sentences, each providing self-contained units of information and linked by transition terms. For example, the second paragraph of the article reads, Despite the criticism, North Korea’s Foreign Ministry said the country’s leader, Kim Jong-un, still wanted to build on the friendly relationship and trust forged with President Trump during their summit meeting in Singapore on June 12. The ministry said Mr. Kim had written a personal letter to Mr. Trump, reiterating that trust.​ And the third paragraph reads, The two sides have a history of veering between harsh talk and conciliation. Mr. Trump briefly called off the Singapore summit meeting over what he called North Korea’s open hostility, only to declare it back on after receiving what he called a very nice letter from Mr. Kim. Note how the first paragraph contains a self-contained information topic: that despite some kind of criticism (described in the opening paragraph of the article), there are two sides involved in denuclearization talks and at least one of the sides, North Korea, wants to retain friendly relations. The next paragraph is joined to the first with transition phrases—the  two sides and the letter—but it covers a totally different topic, the history of tense relations between the two sides. The paragraphs are also roughly equal in size—they are both two sentences long, while the first contains 52 words and the second is made up of 48. Breaking up the paragraphs in any other way would have been jarring to readers. The first paragraph clearly refers to the present situation between the two countries, while the second talks about their up-and-down history. Thoughts on Paragraph Breaks Paragraph breaks allow the writer to change the subject and give the readers eye a rest, says  John Foster, author of Writing Skills for Public Relations: Style and Technique for Mainstream and Social Media. He says that when the text moves from one point to another, that is the time for a paragraph break: However, much will depend on the style of the publication or document and on the column width. For news-style print jobs, using double or multicolumn format, paragraph breaks are usually needed after every second or third sentence—say about every 50 to 70 words. Foster says that for single-column reports, books, manuals, leaflets, and  brochures, it is usually better to have slightly longer paragraphs with perhaps four or five sentences. Much depends on the context, your audience, and the medium in which the work is published. If you remember that each paragraph should discuss one unified topic and that you should use a paragraph break before each new topic, your writing will flow and youll help the reader proceed through your writing in a logical fashion and without straining to get to the last line. Source Rosenwasser, David. Writing Analytically. Jill Stephen, 8th Edition, Cengage Learning, January 1, 2018.

Project Management Of The Mordern Time - 2271 Words

Introduction Project management in the mordern time started in the 1950s and this was motivated by businesses that came to the realisatiion of the benefits of organising work around projects, and the importance of communication and cordination of work across various department and professions. Project management comprises of different task which all have definate beginning and an end, it is believed that its not a continous process and it utilises various tools to measure progress and also to keep note of project tasks. PMI (2013) sees a methodology as a system of practices, procedures, techniques and rules. With project management methodology it is seen as a documented and discoverable set of policies, process, pratices, techniques,†¦show more content†¦The information technology mostly know as (IT) which is also a project based industry orientated and it provides services for both private and public organisation particularly, the NHS. Litrature Review Project management in the mordern time started in the 1950s and this was motivated by businesses that came to the realisatiion of the benefits of organising work around projects, and the importance of communication and cordination of work across various department and professions. Project management comprises of different task which all have definate beginning and an end, it is believed that its not a continous process and it utilises various tools to measure progress and also to keep note of project tasks. PMI (2013) sees a methodology as a system of practices, procedures, techniques and rules. With project management methodology it is seen as a documented and discoverable set of policies, process, pratices, techniques, tools and template that creates support on how project are conducted and run in an organisation. A methodology as described can be large or minimal, it can be simple or complex, it can be rigorous or linear. Stated in phases or for the whole period of the project life cycle Project Management and Project Methodologies in Information

The Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde - 1285 Words

ole Shevory Dillon F block English 11/13/2015 Desire in The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Robert Stevenson’s novel The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde follows the plight of Dr. Jekyll, giving insight to human desires that are typically repressed within a civilized society. People strive to fit into the society around them. In doing this they often suppress some aspects of their desires. After giving into desire once, the need for it may increase, and control may slowly decrease. The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde explores the multi-faceted dimensions of the human psyche. There is a constant battle raging within every person between morality and desire. Very often the more one attempts to suppress natural urges the stronger and more profound they become. Each man has their own desires that they wish to fulfill and all men hope that they have a way to explore those desires without any repercussions. There is no better example of this than the devolution of Dr. Jekyll throughout the book. Originally before Jekyll creates the potion that separates the good and evil parts of his psyche, he is an upstanding pillar of his community. Jekyll desires to better himself and to do so he makes a potion that may separate the evil in him from the good and thus Hyde is born. Jekyll also sees Hyde as an opportunity to be able to live out all of his desires and pleasures without consequences to himself. In his letter to Utterson Jekyll explains this, â€Å"Men haveShow MoreRelatedThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde1675 Words   |  7 PagesThe Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Essay Robert Louis Stevenson’s novella, â€Å"The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde,† is a type of Gothic literature. In the beginning of the story when Stevenson is describing the lawyer, one â€Å"Mr. Utterson,† the mood is a bit dull. At first glance the reader may think that this story would be a bit boring and drab. Stevenson’s story is far from being another dull piece of British English literature. The setting and mood of this novella are more complexRead MoreThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde1440 Words   |  6 Pagescomplexity of human nature in his books, especially in The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, and Kidnapped. The former is about a lawyer named Mr. Utterson seeking out the truth of Dr. Jekyll’s very strange will. He finds out that Jekyll was transforming himself into Mr. Hyde so that he could have the freedom to do whatever he wanted no matter how evil. By the time Utterson finds all this out and findsJekyll, he is too late and Jekyll has already killed himself. The latter is about David BalfourRead MoreThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde1196 Words   |  5 Pageswhich do let control you? The good or evil? This was a question that Dr. Jekyll from the book, The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, could not answer. The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde is a book about a man who cannot control the two sides of himself, causing him to do terrible things and not even be aware of it. The theme of this book is good versus evil. Dr. Jekyll is fighting his evil side, known as Mr. Hyde, throughout the book. Some people believe that the book’s theme hasRead MoreThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde Essay975 Words   |  4 PagesStevenson’s The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde is a novella that follows the basic outline established by Mary Shelley in Frankenstein. However, Stevenson’s monster is not created from body parts but comes from the dark side of the human personality. In both novels, a man conducts a secret experiment that gets out of control. The result of these experiments is the release of a double, or doppelganger, which causes damage to their creator. While most people think that The Strange Case of Dr. JekyllRead MoreThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde938 Words   |  4 PagesVictorian Hopes and Fears Involving Science as Found in Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde During the Victorian Era there was a great race to use science to alleviate the suffering of the ill, specifically for those patients who were suffering from ailments of the mind. While some of the methods used to diagnose and treat such afflictions would be considered barbaric in nature by today’s standards, they were considered cutting edge medical science during the time of the Victorian Era. It was also consideredRead MoreThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde1505 Words   |  7 PagesDuring the latter portion of the nineteenth century, Robert Louis Stevenson published his novella, The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde. The fin de sià ¨cle saw the rise of different thoughts and ideas surrounding science and society. These concepts and interpretations sparked the discourse surrounding the theory of degeneration; which was the concern that civilization would fall to a lower state of being. This chapter will be reading multiplex personality as a manifestation of th is broader culturalRead MoreThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde964 Words   |  4 PagesThe Strange case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, written by Robert Louis Stevenson was published in 1886. The story is published during the Victorian era, the Victorian era was an age of repression, there was no violence, no sexual appetite, and there was no great expression or emotion. In the story, Dr. Jekyll creates a potion that turns him into Mr. Hyde, Mr. Hyde is the complete opposite of what people are in the Victorian era. At first, Dr. Jekyll is in control of Mr. Hyde, but towards the end MrRead MoreThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde1739 Words   |  7 Pagesnovel â€Å"The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr Hyde† by Robert Louis Stevenson, the novel â€Å"Frankenstein† by Mary Shelley, the short story â€Å"The Monkey’s Paw† by W.W Jacobs and the short story â€Å"Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman. These four texts convey this theme through the use of gothic conventions such as death, madness and darkness. In the novels The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr Hyde by Robert Louis Stevenson and Frankenstein by Mary Shelley, Frankenstein and Dr. Jekyll are wronglyRead MoreThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde1290 Words   |  6 PagesThe novella The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll Mr. Hyde took place throughout the time period of prosperity, when Queen Victoria came to the throne in 1837, due to the expansion of the British Empire and the industrial revolution. Because of this, Great Britain had become primarily the world s most powerful superpower. In spite of Queen Victoria becoming a powerful leader, the social morality changed from rationalism to romanticism, which in turn transformed the society of art, literature, politicsRead MoreThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde1012 Words   |  5 PagesRobert Louis Stevenson’s â€Å"The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde† is a classic Victorian tale of good and evil. The novel tells the story of Dr. Henry Jekyll, a respected scientist who so desperately needs to separate his morality from his self-indulgence. Aware of the evil side of his own being, he seeks to be free of it through scientific experiments resulting into the â€Å"bestial† Mr. Hyde. It’s a simple tale about the good and evil that exist in all of us. Through his brilliance, Stevenson

Intercultural Relations Social Developments

Question: Discuss about theIntercultural Relations for Social Developments. Answer: Introduction For anyone seeking to understand the Indian diversity a prayer from old texts of India can make it simpler as it states, May from all direction come good thoughts to us. People in India embrace diversity, variety, unconventionality and heterodoxy. Diversity in India is an asset and is being cherished. The countries historical, political, economic and have been guided by many distinct parts of such a culture. It is important to remember to take into consideration the various ethnic and linguistic groups, religious groups, philosophical and social and economic levels before. In any culture let it be Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Gujarat or Punjab there are always peripheral cultural universal traits like morals, telling truth, etc, and internal cultural traits which are core of the culture. There is an increase in economic activities inter and intra nation. To establish a successful business it is thus important to consider and concentrate on various factors including language, culture, and backgrounds. The most significant factor is culture. The working of cultural differences within nations and across nations is important to be understood for it can affect the business activities (Taylor, 2012). Language, political philosophy, economical philosophy, education and social structure are the main determinants of any culture. For any companys business success cultural sensitivity plays a crucial role; therefore it is crucial for businesses to understand the various cultural determinants (Barrett, 2013) Exchange of messages verbal or non-verbal is communication, participated by all individuals. Between groups or individuals communication are constantly exchanged and the communication can either be in written words or spoken words or even silence (Penas Saenz, 2006). Communication can be stated as a process which cannot be avoided by any individual because all behaviour has a message. Change in human behaviour results due to culture. In a non-verbal communication the most important factors are eye contact, gestures, touch and spatial behaviour. Again the values of individuals vary from culture to culture. The values impact an individuals behaviour and performance. In this study to understand the various cultural relations an attempt has been made to understand various determinants between Rajasthans culture with Gujarati, Marathi and Punjabi culture. As stated by John (2008), business is the best arena to watch culture in action. For the better understanding of the cultural relations low and high context model has been used with modifications to suit the intercultural relation within Indian union. Though it is thought that international business relations are a matter of concern but inter nation relations are not easy and especially in a country like India, where there are various cultures operating. Intercultural Relations Hindus comprise the majority of the population here, and the culture and traditions are known for being colourful. In the past few years Rajasthan has been a preferred destination for IT parks. It has the northern Indias largest IT Park. Tourists from all over India and the world visit Rajasthan. It is said to be the place of the Rajas. The state of the Indian Union has the largest desert of India Thar. The culture here reflects the ancient Indian lifestyle. Being a major tourist destination the language is not much of a barrier but the accent and the speed does. People of Rajasthan like every other state in India have a peculiar accent and tone which varies from cities to villages. Amartya Sen stated that Prolixity is not alien to Indians because Though adjoining states Gujarat, Maharashtra and Rajasthan has barriers of language. A typical Marathi speaking individual would find it very difficult to communicate with a typical Marwari speaking individual. A Punjabi individual would have the same problem. For example, a brother is called Bhaou in Marathi, while a Gujarati would say Mota Bhai, A Punjabi would say Paji and a Rajasthan Individual would say Bhayo. The cuisines of the four cultures are very different. The attire of the women has much dissimilarity. Also the dance forms and music are very dissimilar. While Lavani is a dance form in Maharashtra, Garbha is a dance form of Guj arat, in Rajasthan Ghumar is the dance form while Bhangra is the typical dance form of Punjab. The cultures of Rajasthan, Gujarat, Maharashtra and Punjab shares similarity when it comes to attire the dhoti and the turbans worn by people from all the four cultures, women tend to wear Salwar suits in Punjab, Lehenga-choli in Rajasthan, Saree in Gujarat and Lugada in Maharashtra, thus the attire of women has more diversity than of men. Again a similarity is seen when it comes to the religion the four cultures are dominated by Hindus and are very religious in nature. Also the four cultures are viewed as festive. Ones view of reality is always shaped by ones culture. An individual from Maharashtra is considered introvert, while a person from Punjab is considered as an extrovert, the Rajasthans individual is again an introvert, and a Gujarati is also considered as an extrovert. It is culture that makes people believe that they share similar reality. In case of Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Gujarat and Punjabs culture may share a uniformity as being part of one nation but the basic lifesty le, language, perception about realities, goodness, dressing style, eating habits varies from place to place; not just between states but within in states itself (Cinquina, 2016). The joy and colours of the four cultures are evident in their way of life and life celebration. According to Alfred sphutz, a persons stock of knowledge determines his perception towards other cultures. Life-world= for example a man enters a bus and he knows that there is going to be a bus driver and a conductor in the bus and the conductor is going to ask money for the ticket, now how does the person entering the bus would have knowledge about something that has not happened yet? This is because people are stocked with knowledge collected either first-hand or second hand or transmitted by one generation to another with the use of language. This culture as repeated by people becomes a system and there are several parts to this system like personality system, integration system, latency system or adaptation, etc (Kazuya Kim, 2004). As Levis strauss stated that the most two important parts in culture is what could be done and what could not be done, he further states that the mind div ide things in two parts; meaning that in every culture few things are never going to change and few things are always going to change (Strauss, 2005). India being a high context country the vocabulary used is very vast here, be it a Marwari language, or Gujarati, or Marathi or a Punjabi language. People do not like to respond in short sentences. The basic barriers and dissimilarity are: The sentence structure is different Lack of inter-subjectivity Stock of Knowledge Socialization The pattern of speech are different The accent and intonations are different The vocabulary is different It is difficult for all the above mentioned cultures to process English at some level (Heyward, 2002). These stated problems among the four cultures due to languages are the biggest barrier to communication. These intercultural barriers could make it very difficult for a Marathi culture individual to be able to develop a relationship with a Rajasthans individual. There are also non-verbal communication issues: The use of language with meanings implied Symbols Stereotye Behaviour, i.e. Instead of asking people make assumptions People from different parts of India face communicating with each other difficult due to the non-verbal communication. If one crosses the hurdle of verbal communication non-verbal communication can be tricky. Non-verbal communication comprises Kinesics, haptics and proxemics. India communication heavily relies on indirect and non-verbal communication techniques. A variety of contextual cues are also involved in an individuals discourse of communication (Yampolsky Amiot, 2016). This is to say that the use of word No is not very common. People generally reply without a direct no to a question and take escapes by using open-ended answers like, I will let you know. To understand the non-verbal communication of a culture observation of the subject culture is required (Kazuya Kim, The effect of self-construals on conversational indirectness, 2004) The result of globalisation and increased awareness a universal culture or global culture has taken shape. This culture is more or less similar to the western world. According to McKim Merriot, universalization and parochialization takes place, in universalization all the minor cultures are accumulated into the universal culture and in perochialization the smaller culture takes over the major culture when folklore assume as greater importance in a major culture it takes over the major culture eventually (Marriot, 1993). When cultural uniqueness is lost globalization of culture takes place. According to Bourdeau Habitus is a kind of live world and individuals aim to control this live world (Bourdieu, 1990). Thus if a Maharashtra person want to transact business in Rajasthan he would like to know what are the similarities that would help him to assimilate and gain control. Leading to inter-subjectivity where a Maharashtra persons stock of knowledge is connected with the stock of knowledge of the Rajasthans person. This would develop a feeling of similarity and create motivation. Thus for transacting a successful business the three cultures of Gujarat, Maharashtra and Punjab would have to develop inter-subjectivity. Also in every culture there are standards and hero, like in Maharashtra Shivaji is a cultural hero, and in Rajasthan the warriors of Rajasthan are the heroes and there are set standards to them, thus enhancing inter-subjectivity and motivating the indigenous culture. Also to resolve conflict in business transaction it is advisable to accommodate, assimilate, acculturate and diffusion of cultures (Berry, 2005). To develop effective skills and an excellent nurse/patient relationship it is important that a meaningful communication takes place (Kourkouta Papathanasiou, 2014). For the development of meaningful communication and improvement in ones skills it is crucial that the nurses engage in reflection analysis (Kourkouta Papathanasiou, 2014) The best way to motivate and commence business in a cross-cultural environment is to understand ones partner well. Doing so enhances the chances of cultural adjustments. For motivating people from any cultural background it is crucial that the business transaction intended confirms with the norms of the said culture (Hooker, 2008). Though it is many times believed that business is self-contained process in reality for any business to get anything done; the business is dependent on cultural mechanisms which are pre-determined. With the evident of new world economic order a multi-polar equilibrium has replaced world hegemony. References Barrett, M. (2013). Interculturalism and multiculturalism: similarities and differences. Council of Europe. Berry, J. W. (2005). Acculturation: Living successfully in two cultures. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 697-712. Bourdieu, P. (1990). The Logic of Practice. Stanford University Press. Cinquina, P. (2016). Performing Intercultural Dialogue on the Stage. Journal of Intercultural Communication. Heyward, M. (2002). From International to Intercultural Redefining the International School for a Globalized World. Journal of Research in Intenational Education. Hooker, J. N. (2008). Cultural Differences in Business Communication. m: Carnegie Mellon University. Kazuya, H., Kim, M. S. (2004). Cross-Cultural Communication and Intercultural Competence. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 1-8. Kazuya, H., Kim, M. S. (2004). The effect of self-construals on conversational indirectness. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 1-18. Kourkouta, L., Papathanasiou, I. V. (2014). Communication in Nursing Practice. MasteriaSocioMedica, 26(1), 65-67. Marriot, M. (1993). India's Village. In G. P. Vijay.S.Upadhyay, History of Anthropological Thought (pp. 440-543). Concept Publishing. Penas, B., Saenz, M. C. (2006). Interculturalism: Between Identity and Diversity. Peter Lang. Strauss, L. C. (2005). Myth Meaning. Routledge Kegan. Taylor, C. (2012). Interculturalism or multiculturalism? SAGE journals. Yampolsky, M. A., Amiot, C. E. (2016). Discrimination and multicultural identity configurations: The mediating role of stress. International Journal of Intercultural Relations .

There Are Many Perceptions As To How People View Slavery. When People

There are many perceptions as to how people view slavery. When people talk about slavery, the first thing that comes to their mind will be African American Slaves in the United States. They will also think of how they were brought to the United States against their own will and unequally exploited. However, according to Stephen F. Austin, during the eighteen-twenty's and thirty's Mexicans also had slaves. He compares American Slaves and Cruz Arocha as a Mexican Slave. Although there are many differences between Cruz Arocha and the American slaves, especially in the ways they are treated. First of all Americans brought their slaves to the United States chained up and against their own will. They would fit over one hundred of them in small rooms in ships for a trip across the Atlantic Ocean, with out giving them an adequate supply of food and water to live off of. According to the book, Out of Many second edition, they were stowed so close that they were not allowed one foot and a half in each breadth. Although most of the slaves died on the trip and were thrown over board, those that did survive were the best equipped for the harsh conditions awaiting them. The trip itself got rid of all the slaves that would not last long in harsh conditions. Those that survived were what the Americans needed. Upon arrival in the United States the slaves would se either sold or traded for goods, land or other slaves. They were always chained up when they were not working and when they were, there was always someone watching over them with a gun and a whip. Slaves who did not obey the ir masters were whipped. According to the book even the most broad-minded plantation owners of the eighteenth century thought nothing about floggings of fifty or seventy slashes. Mexicans viewed slavery as having people mistreated and never treated as equals. Not showing any type of moral value towards a real person. Mexicans on the other hand had what Stephen F. Austin called slaves helping them out in anything needed. Even though these so-called slaves were not chained up and whipped like American slaves, they were still slaves to Austin. This was because they were not paid for the job that they did and had no say so in family decisions. These so-called slaves were given, in return for their services good food and shelter. They could go mostly anywhere they wanted without someone always looking at what they were doing and threatening to whip or kill them. These so-called slaves were not brought to do what they did against their own will; it came to be because of some family problem. In most cases their families died out so they had no where else to go. So they went to another family who would help them out, and in return they would help that family with anything needed to be done around the place where they lived. So, when Stephen F. Austin saw how Cruz Arocha did everything around the hacienda for Juan Seguien he thought Arocha was a slave. So, Austin's and the American view of slavery and slaves were that anybody who was not paid for work and had no say so in family matters was slave. Stephen F. Austin is wrong in comparing Cruz Arocha to the American slaves. The only similarity the American slaves and Arocha is that they work for someone and they do not get paid for it. Arocha is never chained up and held against his own will like the American slaves. He is never treated like property and sold or traded to other people for goods like the American slaves were. He is not there because he is being forced to stay there but because it is necessity that keeps him there. Arocha does not hate Juan Seguien and his families like the American slaves hate the people that own them. Americans do not keep their morality and see slaves as animals and not as humans. They vied them as means as getting power, land and money. Mexicans never lost their morality and always treated their so-called slaves like people who actually had feelings. Slavery is

Charlotte Perkins Gilman

Charlotte Perkins Gilman Introduction Charlotte Perkins Gilman was a United States sociology expert, a novel writer, a short story writer, a poet, an academic professor who fought for women’s rights. Charlotte Perkins Gilman was one of the extraordinary women of her time. Charlotte Perkins Gilman became the beacon for women fighting for gender equality. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Charlotte Perkins Gilman specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Charlotte Perkins Gilman had unconventional theories and lifestyle that run against the very grain of society’s theory that women are the lesser gender. Charlotte Perkins Gilman became famous for the â€Å"The Yellow Paper† masterpiece. The masterpiece was a self-biography discussing the daily sufferings from the disease entitled postpartum psychosis. Charlotte Gilman successfully instituted women’s rights (Kessler, 1995). Charlotte Perkins Gilman Bibliography Born in Hartfor d, Connecticut in 1860, Mary Perkins researched several books at the public library. Mary’s childhood is characterized as lonely and isolated. Her father’s pasting of literary books encouraged Mary Perkins Gilman to indulge in reading many books in the library. Charlotte Perkins Gilman studied in more than five public schools. Charlotte Perkins Gilman was a slow learner in class. Charlotte Perkins Gilman supported herself through college by working as an artist, painter, and tutor (Kessler, 1995). In 1894, Charlotte Perkins Gilman actively participated in the activities of many feminist and reform organizations. Specifically, Charlotte Perkins Gilman joined several group like the â€Å"The Pacific Costs Women’s Press Association, The Women’s Alliance, The Economic Club, The Parents’ Association, The Ebell Society, and many others. In the same year, Charlotte Perkins Gilman espoused many progressive views regarding the father’s rights to t he child after the courts approve a divorce. Charlotte Perkins Gilman insisted that her former husband had every right to visit their child after the divorce. In the same manner, her daughter, Katharine, had every right to learn and love her natural father. In 1884, Charlotte Perkins Gilman complained about her post-partum depression state after giving birth to her child, Katharine. Charlotte Perkins Gilman was described as hysterical and nervous. However, her friends did not take her health complaints seriously (Davis 36).Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In 1888, Mary Charlotte Gilman had finally called it quits and divorced her husband. In 1893, Charlotte Perkins Gilman met her cousin, Atty. Houghton Gilman of Wall Street fame. Charlotte Perkins Gilman got married to her cousin, Atty. Houghton Gilman. In January of 1932, Mary committed suicide after accepting that her cance r was incurable. Charlotte Perkins Gilman had breast cancer. In 1896, Mary represented California in the Suffrage Convention in Washington D.C. Charlotte Perkins Gilman joined the International Socialist and Labor Congress in England during 1896. Charlotte Perkins Gilman joined the Nationalism organization. The organization focused on ending capitalism’s greedy outstretched arms. The Nationalism Organisation’s activities focus on ensuring a peaceful environment. The organization espoused ethical compliance, through promoting a progressive interpersonal interaction. Charlotte Perkins Gilman insisted that women should be on equal terms with the men. Charlotte Perkins Gilman insisted that women must have the right to equal treatment in all work, school, and other undertakings. The women’s breast cancer issue influenced Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s masterpiece â€Å"The Yellow WallPaper†. Charlotte Perkins Gilman wrote several popular books. Her poems are found in the Art Gems for the Homely and Fireside. In 1893, Charlotte Perkins Gilman wrote In This World, and Women and Economics espousing that sex education must not be taught in the K years. Charlotte Perkins Gilman authored the popular book, Women and Economics in 1898. The book lifted her name to international fame. Consequently, Charlotte Perkins Gilman travelled to different locations, propagating her desire to one day see the reality that man will finality agree that women are their equal in all facets of life. Charlotte Perkins Gilman held a speaking engagement in Berlin, Germany. Charlotte Perkins Gilman discussed her gender equality theory at the International Congress of Women in Berlin seminar. Charlotte Perkins Gilman also travelled to different countries to discuss her equality theory in seminars or speaking engagements. Charlotte Perkins Gilman visited countries like England, Germany, Hungary, and Holland, Germany, Austria, as well as Hungary. In her book, â₠¬Å"The Home: It’s Work and Influence†, Charlotte Perkins Gilman theorized that women were often victimized in their own homes. The women are treated as second-class citizens by their husbands. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Charlotte Perkins Gilman specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Charlotte Perkins Gilman also espoused that society must change its current perception that women are second class citizens within the United States society. Charlotte Perkins Gilman bought her own magazine entitled The Forerunner. Her article focuses on stimulating the readers to rise up and have enough hope, and courage to fight for their rights, especially the women. The same magazine forerunner successfully continued for the next 7 years. The magazine gained lots of loyalty from clients who liked Gilman’s fearless approach to ensuring that gender discrimination is eradicated from the face of the earth. Charlotte Perkins Gilman also wrote articles for other media companies. The companies include the Baltimore Sun, Buffalo Evening News, and Louiseville Herald. Charlotte Perkins Gilman also wrote her first book, Art Gems for the Home and the Fireside (1888).During here entire adult life, Charlotte Perkins Gilman gave speeches and wrote books on hot themes like ethics, human rights, social reform, labor, and others (Kessler, 2010). Further, Charlotte Perkins Gilman boldly emphasized that the women must use sexual overtures to persuade their husbands to bring home food and other home necessities. Charlotte Perkins Gilman blamed the Darwin theory stating that the home is ruled by the husband alone. Charlotte Perkins Gilman insisted that the historical Darwin theory stating that the husband is aggressive and the wife played the motherly roles in the home has disappeared in the current age. The old theory stating that men are made to have regular sex precipitates to rapes and violence in the home . Charlotte Perkins Gilman discussed that society had instituted the unfair women environment where the young girls are mainly training to become future mothers. Charlotte Perkins Gilman was disgusted with the marketing of a different set of toys, and clothes for boys and girls. Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Charlotte Gilman theorized that the women should not be left in the home; the women have a right to find work and earn money to payment the family’s daily home expenses (Davis, 2010). The home expenses include electricity, water, and telephone bills. In addition, Charlotte Perkins Gilman reiterated that the house chores must be equally distributed between the husband and the wife. In her desire to win more votes, Charlotte Perkins Gilman insists that all women must be granted their right to vote for their candidates in the current and future elections. However, Charlotte Perkins Gilman stepped out of her comfort zone when she adversely opined on the issue of the African Americans (Davis, 2010). In the progressive area, Charlotte Perkins Gilman focused on sex subjection, Charlotte Perkins Gilman focused on fighting for the women’s equality rights. Charlotte Perkins Gilman also favored the study of the initiatives. Charlotte Perkins Gilman was interested in eugenics, sa nitation, birth control, and anti-vice, and anti-prostitution. Charlotte Perkins Gilman also talked against the erroneous Darwinian Theory stating that women are born to be â€Å"sex slaves† of the husbands (Kessler 1995). Charlotte Perkins Gilman is remembered as a person who boldly stood up against society’s prior gender discrimination culture. The prior culture states that women should be kept inside the home as sex slaves of the husband. Charlotte Perkins Gilman should be remembered because the current women of society are enjoying the fruits of her unending efforts to free the women from their current bondage. Charlotte Perkins Gilman fought for the women to be free from the torments of their husbands. Some husbands force their wives to have sex as well as accomplish home chores. Her historical contributions to fight for the rights of the women had been successful. Today, many women are working outside the home. Many women are earning higher salaries than men in the work place. Many companies prefer to hire men over the women (Davis, 2010). Conclusion IN A NUTSHELL, Charlotte Perkins Gilman fearlessly fought for the women’s rights. Charlotte Perkins Gilman was one of the extraordinary women of her time. Charlotte Perkins Gilman championed the rights of women to vote. Charlotte Perkins Gilman authored many articles and made speeches rallying for the approval of the women’s rights issues. She pursued the theory that the women must be free from the erroneous Darwin theory. Charlotte Gilman successfully instituted women’s rights. References Davis, C. (2010) Charlotte Perkins Gilman: A Biography. London, SU Press Kessler, C. (1995) Charlotte Perkins Gilman. London, SU Press

HRM Assignment 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

HRM Assignment 1 - Essay Example Hence, all aspects of human resource tend to yield divergent approach. The paper will reveal such divergence in a detailed manner. Human resource is considered to be one of the most important assets for an organization and hence human resource management is a crucial aspect for all organizations operating in the competitive business framework. The function of human resource management is designed in such a way that it leads to maximize the performance of employees and concentrates on minimizing the issues arises out of organizational context regarding decision making, performance appraisal and reward system, communications, wage rate and many more. In 1989, John Storey had identified two distinct forms of human resource management such that Hard and Soft HRM. Hard HRM may be defined as an employee management system that considers workers as a resource that requires be controlling and closely supervising in order to maximise employee performance, ascertain profitability and achieve competitive advantage. In contrast, Storey defined soft human resource management as a system that considers human resource as an im portant factor for achieving organizational effectiveness and hence strives for skill enrichment of existing employees (Storey, 2007). In this paper, the dissimilation between hard and soft HRM will be critically analysed on the basis of employer attitude towards the workers, value of the employees in the organization, level of communication, extent of delegation of authorities and decision making power, transparency in payment and performance appraisal system and above all, organizational structure and leadership style. Though there is no single connotation regarding the appropriateness of hard or soft HRM in an organizational framework, comparative analysis can be drawn for each attributes of human resource

Management of People in Healthcare Organizations Essay

Management of People in Healthcare Organizations - Essay Example Managers in healthcare organizations usually display leadership coordination and supervision of employees. This is because the nature of job and its complexity is such that employees cannot achieve tasks on an individual basis. These managers must not only take the critical decisions of ensuring that patients receive timely and efficient services but also address performance targets set for the employees. With globalization and the information age, the level of technological innovation has increased in the healthcare sector along with increased clinical specialization. On the contrary, there is a focus towards reducing costs worldwide, which requires doing away with traditional hierarchical structures and working in teams in both managerial and clinical setups. Integrated solutions can then be reached by these cross-disciplinary teams. This is in contrast to the traditional paradigm whereby there was a conflict between the general managers and health care service clinicians. It is im portant to understand that the healthcare service delivery process comprises of inputs in the form of medicines, equipment/technology and other health systems and the outcome of patient’s well-being. The role of healthcare service employees is quintessential in the intertwining â€Å"process† since health care is a people-oriented job and cannot be done with automated techniques. The personalized nature of job, therefore, makes the contribution and management of these professionals critical to the achievement of organizational outcomes. For healthcare employees, employees may be considered as internal customers whose satisfaction is equally necessary to guarantee organizational success. One of the most important techniques to ensure employee commitment and satisfaction is to indulge in cross-training. Cross-training is practiced in healthcare organisations as job rotation is highly demanded by healthcare jobs. For instance, a file clerk, a data entry expert and a secre tary may work in each other’s roles in case either of them is ill or on a vacation or during times of heavy workload or emergencies (Fallon & McConnell, 2007). Cross-training is, therefore, extremely necessary considering the demand for flexibility in today’s globalised world. On the other hand, most healthcare managers may simply hand over folders of information to be reviewed by the new employee which is a poor way of learning and results in low levels of information absorption. This is mostly done on the grounds that managers cannot devote sufficient time for training of new staff. This problem can be overcome by cross-functional training as people other than the manager (who are skilled at particular tasks) can be used to train the newcomer. Furthermore, the compensation plans of health care employees may also require management. Since the compensation of people in healthcare organisations constitutes the major part of expenses, organisations find it lucrative to r educe the pay and/or size of its staff in order to provide affordable healthcare to patients. In the modern age, however, techniques for managing employee pay and compensation has changed with third-party reimbursements tracking the nursing hours per visit, technological expenses and services utilized by clinicians. Furthermore, health care organisations mostly insist on offering â€Å"bonuses† as a primary incentive for enhancing performance of healthcare service professionals (Hernandez & O'Connor, 2009). Also, benefits in the

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy: Case Study

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy: Case Study Case Study 1 (Phillip) Background Phillip is displaying multiple adverse psychological symptoms that would best fit the diagnosis of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). Specifically Phillip is a compulsive washer as he maintains a high level of cleanliness, having showers up to three times a day. He also only eats frozen food in order to avoid contamination and organises his furniture, making sure that they are all perpendicular to the wall. These compulsions are repetitive, purposeful behaviours designed to prevent or reduce anxiety (De Silva, 2003). Some, if not most, of Phillip’s anxiety arises from the intrusive thought of stabbing his mother which has become a clinical obsession because he believes that the thought has personal significance and meaning. This may be because Phillip has an inflated sense of responsibility and so believes that he is responsible for preventing the intrusive thought from actually happening (Rheaume et al., 1994). This has led to Phillip avoiding people, his Mother especially, but this has only increased the frequency and severity of his compulsions. It appears that Phillip is stuck in a vicious cycle of his obsessions and his compulsions feeding off one another and so intervention will be needed in order to help him. Theoretical Framework There are two central aspects of OCD, the cognitive aspects which include intrusive thoughts, obsessions and cognitive distortions, and the behavioural aspect of compulsions. In cognitive theory, intrusive thoughts (e.g. I want to stab my mother) occur automatically and usually have no emotional significance but can take on significance, depending on the context in which intrusions happen (England Dickerson, 1988). Such thoughts are very common and have been reported to occur in almost 90% of the population (Rachman de Silva, 1978) but once an individual deems these thoughts as significant it can cause distress and the belief that they are personally responsible for preventing the thought from actually happening. The distress caused by high levels of perceived responsibility has been found in multiple studies (Shafran, 1997; Roper Rachman 1975) as obsessional patients felt a lot more uncomfortable performing checking rituals when they were on their own and calmer when the therapis t was there as the patient felt less responsibility. This sense of responsibility is associated with both worry (Wells Papageorgiou, 1998) and OC symptoms (Salkovskis et al., 2000a). Specifically, the lowering of responsibility is associated with a significant drop in discomfort and need to check (Lopatka Rachman, 1995). One explanation for inflated responsibility is the ‘thought-action fusion’ (TAF) theory which suggests that obsessions occur in people who believe that thinking about a disturbing event is the same as doing it and that having an intrusive thought is morally equivalent to acting on said thought (Rachman, 1993; Shafran, Thordarson Rachman, 1996). TAF is an example of ‘thinking errors’ outlined by Beck (1976) which are used by most people all the time but can be detrimental when thinking errors become central to thought processes (Nisbett Ross, 1980). The most prevalent thinking error in those with OCD is that having any influence over the outcome means that you are responsible for the outcome. Due to the distress caused by the appraisal of intrusive thoughts, individuals aim to neutralise the anxiety caused through mental reassurance and overt compulsions (such as washing and checking) (Salkovskis, 1985). However attempts to neutralise the thought can sustain and potentially increase responsibility beliefs and the occurrence of intrusive thoughts. A common type of neutralising behaviour which is present in Phillip’s case is compulsive washing. Almost 50% of patients with OCD are compulsive washers (APA, 1994) and it is even more common in childhood cases of OCD like Phillip’s with 85% of young patients displaying washing rituals (Swedo et al., 1989b). It has been suggested that one of the main attributes of compulsive washers is perfectionism (Tallis, 1996). Tallis claims that most compulsive washers do not exhibit such behaviour because they are concerned about contamination or illness, instead they are more concerned with maintaining their environment perfe ctly and thus feeling fully in control. Research has found that there is a significant link between perfectionism and OCD in general, not just in compulsive washing (Bouchard et al., 1999). As Phillip appears to be displaying the perfectionist personality trait, it is important to consider this in therapy. As perfectionism has been found to correlate with depressive symptoms (Enns Cox, 1999; Flett et al., 1991) it is possible that a negative mood may be a factor in Phillip’s thinking errors. The mood-as-input theory (Martin et al., 1993) suggests that people use their mood as a factor to decide whether or not they have completed a task. When people are in a positive mood they are more likely to take their affect as a sign that they are progressing in a task and achieving more (Hirt et al., 1996). Whereas those in a negative mood experience the opposite and interpret their mood to mean that they haven’t progressed enough and so must continue with the task (Schwarz Bless, 1991; Frijda, 1988). This may occur because people in negative moods have been found to process tasks more extensively than those in positive moods (Mackie Worth, 1989). This is a significant theory for Phillip’s case as individuals with OCD tend to use internal states that are difficult to achie ve such as ‘having a gut feeling’ to help them decide when to stop compulsive behaviour (Salkovskis, 1998). They therefore have stricter personal requirements for making decisions and so what should be an automatic decision becomes a strategic one and the strict criteria have to be met before anxiety is reduced and the compulsive behaviour can stop (Salkovskis et al., 2000a). Problem Formulation Phillip presents all of the issues outlined in the theoretical framework which will act as the foundations for intervention. Figure 1 shows the main aspects of Phillip’s case and highlights his rules for living and the cycle in which he is trapped. From the information given in Phillip’s case, it appears as though the bottom line of his psychology is â€Å"I have to have full control over every aspect of my life† which may have been caused by authoritarian parenting (Timpano et al., 2010) or childhood trauma (Lochner et al., 2002) which have both been found to significantly correlate with OCD symptoms. Whilst there isn’t enough information about Phillip’s childhood to speculate if such things have happened to him, these are factors to bear in mind during treatment. This strict bottom line in Phillip’s life has led to certain maladaptive rules of living including his perfectionism (control over actions) and inflated responsibility (control over thoughts and feelings). He also has a generally negative mood as an input to his thought processes because he can never fully satisfy the strict standards that he sets himself. Then, when Phillip was a teenager he began experiencing intrusive thoughts about stabbing his mother. Such intrusive thoughts are not usually enough to trigger anxiety but due to Phillip’s rules of living, he finds personal meaning in the thought and feels responsible for preventing the thought from happening. This triggers anxiety and so he seeks to neutralise the thought through compulsive washing, arranging furniture and socially isolating himself. When these neutralising behaviours reduce his anxiety it reinforces Phillip’s thinking errors, his rules of living and his bottom line. Thus, when his anxiety is triggered again he repeats the behaviour and so Phillip is trapped in a cycle of his compulsions and obsessions reinforcing one another. Figure 1. Problem Formation flow chart for Phillip Treatment Intervention Phillip’s treatment can start with cognitive therapy aiming to focus and modify his thinking errors and inflated sense of responsibility. At the same time as this Phillip can take part in group therapy designed specifically to treat perfectionists. After these treatments and once Phillip feels ready to, he can move on to exposure and response prevention (ERP) using virtual reality to simulate dirty and contaminated environments. This will help him to control his compulsions and get him out of the obsessive-compulsive cycle. For Phillip, cognitive therapy will start by focussing on the distinction between intrusive thoughts and his negative appraisal of those thoughts. As outlined by Menzies and de Silva (2003), this begins by asking patients to reflect upon the last time they had an intrusive thought and what their behavioural reaction was to this thought. Phillip will then be encouraged to recognise that it was not the thought itself that cause his subsequent behaviour but how he interpreted the thought. It is important that the client understands the distinction between his intrusions and their appraisal before moving on to further intervention as it may otherwise confuse them. Next, Phillip taught about how common intrusive thoughts can be, to help him dismiss any feelings of shame or guilt that he may be feeling. It is suggested by Salkovskis (1999) that patients should be encouraged to view intrusive thoughts as a potentially positive and useful occurrence that can help with problem solving and for esight. The goal of this is not to eliminate their intrusions but to help them feel more positive by normalising them. Phillip is also encouraged to modify his responsibility appraisals in order to reduce his inflated sense of responsibility. Van Oppen Arntz (1994) found that even when people with OCD understand how unlikely it is that their intrusive thoughts will become reality, they continue to show compulsive behaviours because they feel a sense of responsibility to stop it from happening. Van Oppen Arntz (1994) suggest creating a pie chart with patients that they can divide up to represent the importance of factors that may contribute to a feared outcome. Once Phillip assigns percentage values to each factor he will be able to visualise that his role of responsibility is much smaller than he originally thought. This technique will help Phillip to reassess the overestimation of his responsibility and realise the importance of other uncontrollable factors. Whilst undergoing cognitive therapy Phillip will join group therapy to help him with his perfectionism. Ferguson and Rodway (1994) outlined a group therapy programme for perfectionism based on cognitive-behavioural theory. This programme will aim to help Phillip understand the problems that can arise from perfectionism and what strategies can be used in order to change his perfectionist way of thinking. The therapy will also be based on the outline provided by Kutlesa and Arthur (2007) which applies a psycho-educational approach to perfectionism, using interpersonal theory (Yalom,1995) as the psychological component which will ask Phillip and others in the group to focus on the present rather than worrying about the future. The educational component will use elements of cognitive-behavioural theory (Ellis, 1991; Beck, 1993) to teach the group about the thinking errors involved in perfectionism and skills to cope with and change these thinking errors. Once Phillip has made progress in both treatments and feels ready for the next step he will move on to ERP as a treatment for his compulsive behaviour. Firstly, Phillip will be steadily and gradually exposed to environmental triggers. He will write a list of situations in which he could be contaminated, started with the one that makes him the least anxious and working his way up to the worst. Most ERP treatments ask participants to experience these situations either through images or in vivo but a new method of virtual reality (VR) is being used in the treatment of OCD and it has been found to be effective (Kim et al., 2009; Belloch et al., 2014). Using VR, Phillip will then be exposed to the items on his list one by one, experiencing each one repeatedly until anxiety is completely reduced and Phillip is ready for the next item. Another aspect of this treatment is response prevention which aims to help patients control their compulsions in advance of triggering events (Meyer et al., 1974). This involves strategies such as using alternative behaviours and modifying compulsive rituals which can be integrated into the VR exposure. This treatment aims to expose Phillip to his triggers in a safe way reducing his anxiety for those situations and learning to control his compulsions in the process. Evaluation Using cognitive and behavioural treatments together is crucial for Phillip’s intervention as they both deal with either the obsessions and the thinking errors or the compulsions but not both. If only one of these elements is dealt with then it is likely that the other will return. Whilst cognitive therapy has been found to be potentially effective on its own (Cottraux et al., 2001) studies have found that when ERP is combined with cognitive therapy it produces lower dropout rates, greater general coping and decreased obsessive-compulsive symptoms (Kyrios et al., 2001; Freeston et al., 1997). A major aspect of Phillip’s case that wasn’t dealt with in cognitive-behavioural therapy that was not covered was his perfectionism. Research has found that CBT doesn’t significantly reduce perfectionist symptoms (Egan Hine, 2008) whereas Richards etal. (1993) found lower scores on perfectionism and depression scales and increased levels of self-reported wellbeing and self-esteem in response to group therapy. The incorporation of VR is a modern approach to ERP but it is one that is becoming very popular in the treatment of many anxiety disorders (Kim et al., 2009) and has been found to be as effective as in vivo exposure (Belloch et al., 2014). One aspect that wasn’t addressed in Phillip’s treatment is that of his family. As mentioned earlier it is possible that authoritarian parenting (Timpano et al., 2010) or childhood trauma (Lochner et al., 2002) could be involved in Phillip’s case as these are common causes of childhood OCD. There are family-based therapies that are shown to be effective in these cases (Lebowitz, 2013) but there wasn’t enough information about Phillip’s family to make such assumptions. If, in therapy, similar issues are revealed then family-based therapy may be very useful for Phillip. Also, little attention was given to biological factors even though pharmacological treatments are very effective in the treatment of OCD (Abramowitz, 1997; de Haan et al., 1997). This is because it would only tackle Phillip’s symptoms whereas cognitive therapy with ERP and group therapy will help Phillip to understand his rules of living, his bottom line, and how to potentially c hange or cope with this. References

An Inspector Calls - The Role Of the Inspector Essay -- English Litera

An Inspector calls - The Role Of the Inspector. The character of Inspector Goole is the catalyst for the evening's events and is quite a mystery and fascination to many people. He is described and comes across as able to create 'an impression of massiveness, solidity and purposefulnessà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦' He speaks carefully, weightily and has a disconcerting habit of looking hard at the person he addresses. I will be carefully looking at how he manages to be so powerful and authoritative, mainly concentrating on the specific language and use of rhetorical speaking that he uses throughout the play. I will also mention the mystery of whether the inspector was an impostor and look at the broad possibilities, of which he may be, One of the most effective things that the Inspector manages to do is to have large power and control over the other characters and is seen by the reader as an immense man, despite the stage directions clearly stating that 'he need not be big'. He appears to be 'massive' because of the stares he gives people, and how he makes them feel so uneasy. He often stares the truth out of a character by doing so until they admit to have not been sincere with their story. He has a disconcerting way of speaking, a certain tone and pace of his voice, but also cleverly structures sentences as if he has planned it all out and using rhetorical speaking. He asks question after question, to the Birlings always receiving information but never giving anything, the most striking thing being that he is never once surprised at what he hears, as if he knows everything even before he hears it. On the account for the inspectors knowing and understanding the history of Eva Smith, Sheila says: 'Why - you fool - he knows... ...ew it all already, and then involved himself giving his view on their actions, criticising and blaming them. He seems very unprofessional and gets too worked up and emotional on such small things: 'Don't stammer and yammer at me again, man. I'm losing all patience with you people' This is a very unprofessional thing to say and shows that he does not treat the Birlings with the professional respect that should be expected. For dramatic effect he also goes into unnecessary detail of how Eva suffered and at some points gets quite personal and delicate with what he tells the Birlings about her. Again this is very unprofessional. No one will ever know exactly who the Inspector is, whether he is a time traveller from the future, Eva smiths ghost? And this leaves a great sense of mystery about the play, which I believe is one of its great qualities.

Effect of Stress on Beet Cells

The Effect of Temperature on Beet Cell Membranes Introduction In this lab, we are going to learn how the stress of temperature affects fresh beets. We have come to learn that cell membranes organize the chemical activities of cells. All cells are made of plasma membranes, often called fluid mosaics. It is sometimes described as a mosaic because it is made of protein molecules that are embedded into phospholipids. Phospholipids are the main structural support of the membrane and the proteins perform most of the functions of a membrane. Together they form boundaries or barriers between the cell itself and its surroundings, like the membrane of an egg. Plasma membranes also control what substances come in and out and also dispose of the cells waste. The membrane itself is composed primarily of phospholipids. Phospholipid molecules have two parts and form a sheet that has two layers, called a bi-layer. They are made up of two fatty acids which make up the tail end and the head is phosphate group. The head of this molecule is hydrophobic, which mean it is attracted to water and their tail is hydrophobic which means they dislike water. Together they form a bobby-pinned shaped barrier. Listed below is my hypothesis for this experiment. I hypothesize that tube 1 at 70 ° c the color intensity of leaked betacyanin will be 10. I hypothesize that tube 2 at 55 ° c the color intensity of leaked betacyanin will be 8. I hypothesize that tube 3 at 40 ° c the color intensity of leaked betacyanin will be 6. I hypothesize that tube 4 at 22 ° c the color intensity of leaked betacyanin will be 0. I hypothesize that tube 5 at 5 ° c the color intensity of leaked betacyanin will be 8. I hypothesize that tube 6 at -5 ° the color intensity of leaked betacyanin will be 10. Method The first thing that I did was label each test tube with numbers 1-6 and listed each corresponding temperature on the label. I cut six pieces of beet in the measurements that were given and rinsed them under tap water for 2 minutes. I then patted them with a paper towel to get off the excess water. I kept the pieces of beet in the paper towel while I got the other items ready. For the cold treatment I put one piece of beet in each beaker (5 and 6) and put tube 5 in the refrigerator and tube 6 in the freezer. I left them in there for 30 minutes. After 30 minutes, I covered each one with the same amount of tap water and let them soak for 20 minutes. After 20 minutes I took each beet out of the test tube, threw the beet away, but saved the colored water so I could chart later. For the room temperature and hot treatments I put each piece of beet into its marked test tube. For tube 1 (70 °c), I had to simmer water to get it to the correct temperature. I put the piece of beat into the beaker of water and waited one minute, I took it out and put it in beaker one, covered it with room temperature water and waited 20 minutes. Beet 2, 3 and 4 were all conducted the same way. I put the correct temperature of water into the beaker, let the beat soak for one minute, took the beet out of the beaker and covered with tap water in the test tube for 20 minutes. After 20 minutes I discarded all the beets so I could record my findings with the colored water that was left behind. Results: From doing this experiment I found that the more stressful environments you subject an item to the differently they act. It is cause and reaction. In tube number one the color intensity leak was at a ten, the highest number on the chart. I found that the heat seemed to open the pores of the beet to let the dye permeate the water. In tube 2 the color was at a 7. The water was still warm enough to allow the dye molecules to pass through the membrane. In tube 3, the water was at 40. This is still warm but not the color was not nearly as intense as the previous tube. The next tube charted was tube number 4. The beet was subjected to a temperature of only 22 °c. That temperature I would chart as â€Å"room temperature†. I found that the least amount of dye was leaked from the beet. For the cold methods I concluded that the amount of betacyanin that escaped from the cell membrane was intense, like the hot treatment results. I concluded that it didn’t have to be hot temperature stress to release betacyanin. Tube number 5 was placed into the refrigerator and the level of dye that permeated the water was charted at a 6. Tube 6 was placed in the freezer and was documented at a level of color intensity of a ten. Also, when the tube was pulled from the freezer the specimen has noticeably changed. It has a slight white, almost white frost or texture to it. Please see attachment and table below. Test Tube numberTreatment  °CColor Intensity (0 – 10) 170 10 255 7 340 5 422 1 55 6 6-5 10 Discussion I believe the result came out the way they did because of level of stress I put the beet through. When damage is done to a cell membrane it affects the entire vegetable. When the beet was put in such hot temperatures the cell membrane started to break down and leak the pigment through the cell wall, since the cell is semi-permeable. Like we spoke about in our text book, the cell membrane lets small molecules to pass through. When the beet was heated to 70 °c or cooled to -5 °c it was subjected to much more stress that at a normal room temperature, which the beet is grown and stored at. The various temperatures make the beet release its pigments. The extreme hot and cold acted as energy for the beet to release the red dye. The structures need to have a stable environment in order to establish their structure. My hypotheses were correct, for the most part. My numbers were not exact, but I had the general idea of what I thought would happen. I thought that the more stress you put on to a beet the great amount of pigment you would receive out of it. I figured that beets were stored at room temperature so if you put them in water that was the same temperature as the room it wouldn’t cause stress on the membrane, hence the least amount of pigment leakage. I was surprised at the amount of pigment that came from the beet. When I first cut the beet the pigment was all over the cutting board and the knife, not to mention by hands. Accuracy is key. Unfortunately, no matter how hard we strive to do things perfectly sometimes there are variables that can affect how the results are derived. In my experiment, I tried to cut each beet with precision. It is almost impossible to cut each beet the exact same and this could have slightly affected how my beets reacted to each session. The larger the surface of the beet the more pigment the beet has in it to release. Another variable could also be the freshness of the beets. My beets where purchased 1200 kilometers and two countries away from where I did the experiment and weren’t extremely firm like they should be. After doing research, I found that the older the beet is the more pigment it has. That could give me not as true of a reading. The last variable I could have experienced was the temperature of the room. The day the experiment was held it was 1 °c outside , so the heater was running full speed all day. I think the experiment could have had more true results if the room was at a more normal temperature. I think while doing the experiment the beets could have dried out slightly from the air in the house being so warm. When working with patients you need to understand the symptoms they have in order to help them. Let’s say I had a man with cancer come into the hospital and I was in charge of monitoring his pain level. If the man was on two different pain medications I would need to know how the two medications worked with each other in order to successfully help him. I would have to know how Morphine worked with Aspirin or how Motrin interacted with Tylenol. Having done this experiment, it has helped me understand how there is cause and effect to everything that we do on a daily basis. If I gave the man 10 cc’s of Motrin I can give him a Fentanyl lozenge later in the day if he is still in pain. That way I keep the side effects, such as nausea, to a minimum without overdoing the amount of morphine I give him. Also doing this experiment has given me the faith in myself to know that I can take action and do experiments, charting, researching and investigation if I want to know why something happens the way it does.

5 Youtube Vloggers That Will Teach You How to Study

Have you ever thought about an older student mentoring you through the studies? If you haven’t met such a person yet, you can find one on YouTube. You can subscribe to one of the popular student vloggers and get first-hand studying tips from them. They will share their own experience of being a student and provide you with the necessary tricks to deal with various assignments in the situations when you’re short of time. We’ve picked 5 YouTube channels below. You can check out all of them or pick one vlogger and stick with him or her. 1. Study with Jess Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6odItDlW8zI Jess, an Australian-based vlogger, has 76,000 subscribers to her YouTube channel. In her bio, she mentions that she studies Psychology, is â€Å"obsessed with yoga and business,† and that she can help her viewers become more effective in their studies. In her videos, she gives tips on how to better organize time or how to beat procrastination, how to learn a foreign language, or how to process information faster. If you can’t find a tip on something in particular, you can contact Jess via the comments on her channel, one of her email addresses, or by writing her a real paper letter —  she’s provided her home address and her About page as well. 2. Ana Mascara Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p9MIjLPrhdc Ana Mascara states that her mission is to make the studies fun. A Romanian-born vlogger from Canada with over 3,500 subscribers says that she had to deal with her studies on her own, which is why she wants to share her experience with fellow students around the world. Apart from tips on taking tests, getting the most of textbooks, and listening to boring lectures, Ana also talks about her favorite books, modelling, and many other things. She also has a psychology-themed playlist where she talks about things like overcoming fears and sadness. 3. Jane Jady Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j7Dgodvj7Uw You will find this vlog useful especially if you are studying in med school. Jane and Jady are ready to take you through the typical life of a medical student in the US. In their videos, they are mostly talking about things, driving a car, attending lectures, or traveling. They also have a playlist with school-related videos where they share their experience of, for example, having four exams in one day. They have over 15 thousand subscribers. 4. Clarissa Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=13F1G7exfOo Clarissa started her YouTube channel 6 years ago. At first, it was a beauty-and-health blog, and then she added some great college-related videos on studying tips and the student life. Clarissa has over 5,000 subscribers, and you can join too if you want to get useful tips on different things from writing an essay to eating healthily on budget. 5. College Info Geek Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ib98J80AUNs Thomas Frank has nearly 180,000 subscribers, and he majored in Management Information Systems. He has been active on YouTube for a year, and before that, he wrote a college-related blog. Thomas’ channel is both helpful and entertaining, and you will find it useful in battling procrastination or studying more effectively. Here are only 5 vloggers that will help you with your studies. There are more of them on YouTube who are also worth watching. Hopefully, you’ll find your personal mentor among them who will help you to be a happier and more successful student.